Tag Archives: Highway Historian

Highways Agency overhaul for £15bn road plan given green light …

The Times 10 December 2014, Robert Lea

Jobs for hundreds of economists, planners and regulatory wonks are to be advertised as the government’s plan to turn the Highways Agency into a Network Rail of the roads comes closer to reality.

The Infrastructure Bill has passed its latest parliamentary hurdle and now the government will publish a strategic business plan for Highways England, into which the Highways Agency is to morph.

It is understood that splitting from the Department for Transport will mean the hiring of 500 new staff on top of the existing 3,500 to deliver a £15 billion, seven-year roadbuilding plan. With Highways England cast adrift from Whitehall, the assumptions of the newly hired economists and planners is to be independently overseen and regulated for the first time.

This role has been given to the Office of the Rail Regulation, which monitors Network Rail, and is expected to need beefing up substantially from the 350 staff it already employs.

Passenger Focus, the often-outspoken watcher of the train and track companies, will change its name to Transport Focus as it gets charged with keeping an eye on the roads, as well.

Highways England is expected to come into being in April on the expected passing of the Infrastructure Bill by the end of the parliament.

Commuters, you’ve never had it so good …

The Times 8 December 2014, Oliver Moody

You wouldn’t want to say it out loud on the concourse of King’s Cross at 8am on a Monday morning, but the British commuter is profoundly lucky. Bothered by the invasion of your personal space? In Tokyo 70 per cent of schoolgirls told one survey that they had been abused on the city’s preposterously overstuffed subways by chikan, suited fetishists who spray teenagers with mayonnaise and worse. The vice has bred its own genre of pornography, norimono poruno.

Fed up with exorbitant fares? One of the first season tickets issued in mid-Victorian Britain cost £50, a year’s wages for the average worker of the day. It sold out anyway. Bored of plasticky food? Victorian commuters endured famously awful railway sandwiches — “the real disgrace of England”, according to Anthony Trollope — and what Charles Dickens called “a class of soup which enfeebles the mind, distends the stomach, forces itself into the complexion, and tries to ooze out at the eyes”.

We are safe, too. Travelling by train in the early days of steam was often dangerous. In 1865 ten people died when a train racing to London from Folkestone ran downhill at 50mph into a viaduct that had been closed for repairs. Six carriages fell into the riverbed below and the seventh, in which Dickens was a passenger, was left balanced over the precipice. He climbed out and passed his hip flask of brandy to other survivors. Today ten people still die each day on the commuter railways of Mumbai.

The history of the journey to work is in large part the history of modern society. With the frantic spread of railways, trams and omnibuses in the 19th century, as the working class began to enjoy the same mobility as City stockbrokers, it became hard to ignore their political will. In 1867, the year of the Second Reform Act, the political journalist Walter Bagehot suggested that there was no better place to take the pulse “of the ordinary mass of educated, but still commonplace, mankind” than “the opinion of the bald-headed man on the back of the omnibus”. This insight later found its way into cliché as “the man on the Clapham omnibus”.

Rush Hour, an entertaining study by the corporate lawyer turned historian Iain Gately, falls into three parts. The first and longest is a lively account of the stress, overcrowding and social awkwardness that have dogged travellers since the first railway lines opened. Then comes a survey of the shape of things today, tapering into a not entirely convincing argument that commuting generally makes people happier and healthier.

The book is best in the last section, where Gately indulges in some futurology. Telecommuting, HS2 and maglev lines that could take travellers from Dover to Aberdeen in an hour are studied and discarded before he settles tentatively on driverless cars as the likeliest next widely adopted technology.

Rush Hour is never less than interesting, pacey and rattling with trivia. The only big disappointment, apart from Gately’s reliance on secondary sources, is the lack of attention dedicated to cycling as a solution to clogged motorways and crowded trains and buses. In 1939 twice as many British commuters cycled to work as drove a car. Three quarters of a century on, getting back to that ratio would be something almost like progress.

Rush Hour: How 500m commuters survive the daily journey to work by Iain Gately. To order for £14.99 including postage visit thetimes.co.uk/bookshop or call The Times Bookshop on 0845 2712134

Roads ‘will mend themselves’ by 2050 …

The Times 3 December 2014, Gabriella Swerling

Potholes plugged with a self-healing concrete and roads that warn cyclists of icy conditions may become the norm by 2050, scientists have suggested.

The Future of Highways, a report by Arup, the international design consultancy, considers how trends in urbanisation, climate change, resource depletion and changes in human behaviour will affect our roads.

Arup raises the prospect of pavements that use kinetic energy from pedestrians to power street lamps, tyres that deploy retractable studs for increased grip when ordered to by the car, and drones that monitor and carry deliveries. The report comes after George Osborne this week announced the the biggest road-building programme for a generation, pledging £15 billion for improvements.

Tony Marshall, of Arup, said: “It’s interesting that the government strategy included significant investment in funding innovation. The aim of [our] report is to look at trends and predict how they will develop.

“By thinking across modes we can move towards a connected, low-carbon future.”

The world’s vehicle count is expected to grow by 3 per cent each year until 2030 and the proportion of people living in cities is predicted to reach 75 per cent by 2050. The report created a series of fictional case studies to deal with greater urbanisation and analysed global innovation in vehicles, materials and technology.

Researchers from the universities of Bath, Cardiff and Cambridge are developing a self-healing concrete that uses bacteria to seal cracks. Giken, a Japanese construction company, developed an automated underground bicycle park that can retrieve b

However, Ian Pearson, a futurologist, dismissed the significance of the report’s low-carbon focus. “It will be a historical issue. By then we will have more nuclear and solar energy, so we really don’t need to worry about using oil. It’s basically a hit list of what you can do in 2050,” Dr Pearson said.

Driverless Google cars will break speed limits …

The Times 22 August 2014, James Dean, Technology Correspondent

Google has programmed its driverless cars to break speed limits by up to 10mph because it believes that allowing them to do so will improve road safety.

Dmitri Dolgov, the lead software engineer on Google’s driverless cars project, said research had shown that keeping to a speed limit when nearby cars were going faster was more dangerous than speeding up.

Google is testing its cars on the streets of Mountain View, the Silicon Valley town that is home to Google’s headquarters. The cars have not yet been tested in the UK, but Vince Cable, the business secretary, announced last month that companies will be able to test driverless cars in certain cities from the start of next year.

The Highway Code states that vehicles cannot travel faster than the national speed limit in any circumstance. The government has promised to review road rules in advance of the introduction of driverless car testing.

Some research has suggested that a car moving slowly amid faster-moving traffic is likely to cause other vehicles to bunch up behind it, which could lead to an accident. “Thousands and thousands of people are killed in car accidents every year,” Mr Dolgov said. Allowing driverless cars to speed “could change that”.

J Christian Gerdes, faculty director of the REVS Institute for Automotive Research at Stanford University, said that the Google car’s ability to recognise unusual objects and to react in abnormal situations were significant hurdles that had yet to be overcome.

There were also ethical issues with driverless cars, he said. “Should a car try to protect its occupants at the expense of hitting pedestrians? And will we accept it when machines make mistakes, even if they make far fewer mistakes than humans?”

There are also unresolved issues around legal liability when a driverless car is involved in a crash.

Google’s driverless car project, which began in 2009, is being run by its Google X experimental technology division. The same unit developed Google Glass, the “smart” eyewear that was released earlier this year.

* Britain is a nation of middle-lane hoggers even though motorists facing a fine of £100 for breaking the law. A study by ICM Research found that almost six drivers in ten say they hog the middle lane of the motorway and almost one in ten admit that they always or regularly do so.

Driverless cars given green light for trials …

The Times 4 December 2014, Callum Jones

Driverless cars will be permitted to take to the roads in four locations around Britain next month, it was confirmed yesterday, as George Osborne announced a boost in research funding.

People in Bristol, Milton Keynes, Coventry and Greenwich, southeast London, can expect to see them being tested from January 1.

Funding for three trial projects — Gateway, Venturer and UK Autodrive — was announced by the chancellor yesterday. The government has provided another £9 million for the trials, which will take between 18 and 36 months to complete, increasing the overall budget to £19 million.

Experts at Innovate UK, the government agency charged with accelerating economic growth, hope the research will increase understanding of the technology. The departments for transport and business, innovation and skills have each committed £2.75 million of fresh spending for the project, with the Treasury putting up a further £3.5 million for its budget.

Nick Jones, Innovate UK’s lead technologist, said driverless cars would trigger “the most significant transformation in road travel since the introduction of the internal combustion engine”.

Britain has a head start over some of its European competitors in the field, who are restricted from road testing the technology for the next three years by the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic. It is estimated that the autonomous transport industry will be worth £900 billion before 2025.

At the coalface: designing the fastest living rooms on earth …

The Times 4 December 2014, Hazel Davies

If you want to know where Luc Donckerwolke’s next “top secret” assignation is to, look at his watch. Bentley’s design director won’t tell me where he’s going tomorrow to test the newest designs but he does let slip that he has changed his watch accordingly. I notice he’s wearing a Rolex Submariner and wonder if perhaps the next batch of Bentleys might be in for a dunking.

The work that goes into designing Bentley’s latest models, due for release in 2017, is confidential so the cars are taken to highly secure places.

Mr Donckerwolke’s job involves leading a 140-strong team of designers, meeting suppliers, presenting the cars and testing them in often quite hairy conditions: “We have to do this because we need to see, for example, whether you can see the graphics on the instruments in extreme sunlight or whether you get reflections on the dashboard. You have to see how your design works in action.”

He’s even in charge of people specifically dedicated to getting the colour and trim correct: “The colours will fade in the sun so they need testing too. It’s aesthetics and chemistry.”

Mainly, says Mr Donckerwolke, “my role is about taking a vision and transforming it into a real product; something that will fascinate people and make them happy. Frankly, nobody buys a Bentley because they need it.”

We meet in the Crewe factory and showroom, where he is based most of the time, surrounded by Bentley paraphernalia.

There are shiny white surfaces, a display shelf of wooden steering wheels, delicate figurines and leather samples and a slightly intoxicating smell in the air, which can best be described as the scent of opulence.

Via stints at the Volkswagen Group and Audi, through head of design at Lamborghini and director of design at Seat, the Belgian-born designer joined Bentley nearly two years ago.

The son of a diplomat, he was born in Peru and brought up in Africa. He was always destined to be a car designer, he says, and drew cars from a very early age.

“Changing school and country almost every year, drawing cars was my constant, even when I was living in cities with no traffic lights.”

He was told he would never make a living doing that so he was duly packed him off to study engineering. After graduating, he contracted hepatitis in Bolivia and while he was recovering his then-girlfriend brought him some magazines.

In one of them was an advert for the Art Center College of Design in Vevey, Switzerland, which was offering a course in car design. So when he was better, Mr Donckerwolke drove (a “boy-racer, Renault 11 Turbo”) to the village, asked for directions at the police station and enrolled himself.

From there he joined Audi where he learned the basics of design in the industrial world, before going to Skoda, where he joined a small team of designers.

“I was lucky,” he says: “You can end up doing wheels and seats and rear-view mirrors but I contributed to Skoda’s rebirth. It was the first time I contributed to the DNA of a brand. I was designing a future for the company too.”

Other high points included designing the new Audi A2, which was, he says, ahead of its time in terms of its environmentally friendly credentials.

Audi taught him the basics of aerodynamics and then he went to design racing cars, which he says, is just “design but a bit more extreme”.

“Form always follows function but race engineers only want the car to win. However, if nobody associates with the brand then there is no point in racing.” He quotes Henry Ford: “What wins on Sunday, sells on Monday.”

From Audi he went to Lamborghini (“a job you don’t even dare dream about”) and then to Bentley, where he is now working on “the fastest luxury living rooms on earth”.

Bentley is not just about the car, he says: “It’s about your senses being rewarded in the car. In many ways it’s the opposite of Lamborghini. A Lamborghini is always saying, ‘Are you good enough to drive me?’ Bentley tells you, ‘You are the best driver in the world’.”

Unlike some designers, Mr Donckerwolke has no artistic pretensions about his work. “We use art as communication but here we are doing something that works in the industrial process, following economic rules,” he says: “There is no art in it. Yes we have a feel for shapes and light but I don’t like the term ‘artist’.”

The design process never stops at Bentley, says Mr Donckerwolke, because the cars are constantly personalised. The leather, trim and wood panels are all customised. People fly to Crewe to have their cars configured for them.

There’s an enormous colourful wheel made up of bits of car bodies in every colour you can imagine. “This one is called sequin blue, after a customer came in wanting her car to match the sequins on her dress.”

Bentley, he claims, is the only car brand that embodies both speed and luxury: “It’s silent and soft and insulates you from the world but when you want to drive it fast you have everything you need. It’s the butler concept. There when you need it.”

Swansea to Mametz classic car run, July 2016 …

SWANSEA to MAMETZ (The Somme, France) 5th –  8th  JULY, 2016.

An opportunity to join 100 British classic cars in a journey from Swansea to Mametz, France, to commemorate the Battle of Mametz Woods, a First Word War Battle in the Somme, France.

Between 7th – 12th July 1916,  3500+ Welsh casualties were recorded following the “Battle of Mametz Woods” with over 1000 Welsh soldiers having sacrificed their lives in a prolonged battle to capture the Mametz Woods from the German army.

Full details in the Mametz leaflet.